[vc_row equal_height=”” shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″][vc_column][vc_column_text]The Events Timeline highlights key exhibitions, festivals and historical moments that have shaped the development of digital art and computer art since the 1960s. From the earliest computer graphics exhibitions in 1965 to major media art festivals, museum shows and recent developments such as the rise of NFTs, these events trace how digital art entered public discourse and cultural institutions. Early exhibitions introduced algorithmic and computer-generated images to the art world, while later festivals and conferences created international platforms for artists working with software, networks and interactive media. Major museum exhibitions and institutional initiatives further expanded the visibility of digital and media art across the global art landscape. By mapping these milestones chronologically, the timeline offers an overview of how exhibitions, festivals and cultural events have shaped the history and public reception of digital art.[\/vc_column_text][vc_raw_html]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[\/vc_raw_html][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row equal_height=”” hide_class=”wvc-hide” shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″][vc_column width=”1\/4″][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”3\/4″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
International exhibitions and conferences<\/b><\/p>\n
1965<\/b><\/p>\n
February 5 \u2013 February 19, 1965
\n‘Generative Computer Graphics’, Studiengalerie der Technischen Hochschule Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
\nWith Max Bense inviting artist Georg Nees.<\/p>\n
April 6 \u2013 24, 1965
\n‘Computer generated Pictures’, Howard Wise Gallery, New York
\nWith A. Michael Noll and Bela Julesz.<\/p>\n
November 5 \u2013 November 26, 1965
\n‘Computer Graphics’, Galerie Niedlich in Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
\n‘Computer Graphics’ was the third public show of artistic works programmed for a digital computer and executed by a computer-controlled drawing machine (\u201cplotter\u201d). With Frieder Nake and Georg Nees.<\/p>\n
1966<\/b><\/p>\n
January 15 \u2013 February 15, 1966
\n‘Production of graphic renderings, audio sequences, and texts by electronic computers’, Rechenzentrum Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
\nWith Ben Deutschmann and Max V. Mathews\u00b4s computer music, computer drawings by Frieder Nake and Gerhard Stickel\u00b4s computer text.<\/p>\n
June 1966
\nConference ‘Design and Computer’, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
\nOrganized by Martin Krampen, who at that time worked at the Institute of Design at the University of Waterloo and at the Hochschule f\u00fcr Gestaltung in Ulm, Germany. The participating artists were: Allen Bernholtz, Edward Bierstone, Steven A. Coons, William A. Fetter, Edwin L. Jacks, Kenneth C. Knowlton, Marvin L. Manheim, A. Michael Noll, Kenneth G. Scheid and Arthur E. Neuman.<\/p>\n
November 12, 1966
\n‘Programming in Fine Arts and Industrial Design’, conference and accompanied exhibition, Gallery d, Frankfurt a.M., Germany<\/p>\n
1967<\/b><\/p>\n
November 3 – December 15, 1967
\n‘Constructive Tendencies from Czechoslovakia’, Studio Gallery of Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universit\u00e4t Frankfurt, Frankfurt a.M. Germany. With six Czech artists. The show included the first Computer graphics by Czech Zden\u0115 k S\u1ef3 kora.<\/p>\n
1968<\/b><\/p>\n
August 3 \u2013 August 4, 1968
\nColloquy ‘Computers and Visual Research’, Zagreb, Croatia
\nZagreb bridged computer art with social and political implications, as well as with new philosophical and aesthetical theories on Information aesthetics. This colloquy was part of the New Tendencies Movement and lead to an exhibition known as \u201cTendencies 4\u201d.<\/p>\n
August 2 \u2013 October 20, 1968
\n‘Cybernetic Serendipity’, Institute of Contemporary Arts (ICA), London, Great Britain
\nFirst exhibition on computer art curated by Jasia Reichardt. With John Whitney Sr., A. Michael Noll, D.H. Green, Bell Labs, Peter Zinovieff, Gustav Metzger, Gordon Pask, Nam June Paik, Jean Tinguely, Edward Ihnatowicz, John Billingsley, Wen-Ying Tsai and Rowland Emett.<\/p>\n
September 5 \u2013 21, 1968
\n‘Computer Art: Media Transformation through Electronics’, CTG (Computer Technique Group), Tokyo Gallery, Tokyo, Japan
\nThe Computer Technique Group was a Japanese collective of art. It was founded by engineering students Masao Kohmura and Haruki Tsuchiya in the late 60\u2019s, partially funded by the IBM Scientific Data Center. With Haruki Tsuchiya, Masao Kohmura, Kunio Yamanaka, Junichiro Kakizaki<\/p>\n
1969<\/b><\/p>\n
May 5 \u2013 August 30, 1969
\n‘Computers and Visual Research’, exhibition based on the movement group named Nove Tendencije (New Tendencies), The Muzej Za Umjetnost Obr, Zagreb, Croatia.
\nThe movement lost its thrust in 1973 but continued until 1975 and ended in 1978. Other events indirectly related to the New Tendencies were: The responsive eye, Museum of Modern Art, 1965 and Cybernetic Serendipidy in London, 1968.<\/p>\n
1970<\/b><\/p>\n
September 16 \u2013 November 8, 1970
\n‘Software’, The Jewish Museum, New York City, USA
\nCurated by Jack Wesley Burnham Jr.
\nArtists: Hans Haacke, Nam June Paik, Nicholas Negropont and Ted Nelson<\/p>\n
1971<\/b><\/p>\n
May 11 \u2013 June 6, 1971
\n‘Une esth\u00e9tique programm\u00e9e’, Muse\u00e9 d\u00b4art moderne de la ville de Paris, Paris, France
\nSolo Show of Manfred Mohr<\/p>\n
1972<\/b><\/p>\n
March 27 \u2013 April 21, 1972
\n‘Computer Art’, National Gallery of Modern Art, New Delhi, India
\nOrganised in collaboration with Max Mueller Bhavan, New Delhi and IBM India.
\nWith \u00a0 A. Michael Noll, Alan Sutcliffe, Ben F. Laposky, Duane Michael Palyka and Frieder Nake.<\/p>\n
1974<\/b><\/p>\n
‘ACM SIGGRAPH’ \u2013 Special Interest Group on Graphics and Interactive Techniques of Accociation for Computing Machinery, USA
\nAnnual and international conference on computer graphics starting in 1974<\/p>\n
1979<\/b><\/p>\n
18. September 1979
\nArs Electronica, Linz, Austria
\nFounded by Herbert W. Franke, Ulrich R\u00fctzel, Hubert Bognermayr and Hannes Leopoldseder. The festival is taking place annually.<\/p>\n
1981<\/b><\/p>\n
EMAF \u2013 European Media Arts Festival, Osnabr\u00fcck, Germany
\nAs \u201eInternational Experimental Film Workshop\u201c the EMAF was organized between 1981 and 1987. 1988 the festival was renamed to European Media Art Festival.<\/p>\n
1986<\/b><\/p>\n
June 12 \u2013 June 15 1986
\n‘Prints and Plots’, C86, Cologne, Germany
\nSideshow at Computer fair 86 in Cologne
\nWith Wolfgang Zach<\/p>\n
22. June \u2013 Juli 27, 1986
\n‘Computer-Kunst 86’ (Computer art 86), St\u00e4dtische Galerie in Rathauspark, Gladbeck, Germany
\nFollow-up exhibition of Prints & Plots, which was shown at \u00bbC 86\u00bb in Cologne from June 12 until June 15 1986.
\nCurated by Wolfgang Schneider, with Georg Nees, G\u00fcnter Schulz, Hans Bauer, Wolfgang Zach, Yasuhiro Matsuoka and many others.<\/p>\n
October 23 \u2013 November 23, 1986
\n‘Bilder Digital. Computerk\u00fcnstler in Deutschland 1986 (Digital Images. Computer artists in Germany 1986)’, Gallery of artists in Munich, Germany
\nCurated by Alexander Kempkens and Barbara Kempkens
\nArtists: Georg Nees, \u00a0 W. Franke, Manfred Mohr and Wolfgang Zach among many others.<\/p>\n
1987<\/b><\/p>\n
June 1986 \u2013 March 1987
\n‘Les Machines Sentimentales’, Centre Culturel, Caen and Centre Pompidou, Paris, France
\nExhibition on robots sculptures with Norman White<\/p>\n
Prix Ars Electronica, Linz, Austria
\nLaunch of the yearly art award.<\/p>\n
DEAF – Dutch Electronic Art Festival, Rotterdam, Netherlands
\nThe festival started under the name Manifestation for the Unstable Media in 1987 and got its name – DEAF in 1994. DEAF features an extensive program addressing art, technology, science and society. The festival ist organized every two years by V2_, an artist collective since 1981.<\/p>\n
1988<\/b><\/p>\n
January 1988
\nVideo Festival, Berlin, Germany
\nProgram of the “International Forum of Young Films” section. This festival was intended to create a platform for the production of electronic media, which were excluded from film festivals such as the Berlinale. Entitled \u201eTransmedia\u201c in 1997. Since 1998 the festival is entitled as \u201eTransmediale\u201c, taking place annually in Berlin.<\/p>\n
1990<\/b><\/p>\n
ISEA Inter-Society for the Electronic Arts, Canada
\nInternational festival and conference launch, founded in the Netherlands in 1990 and is taking place annually. The ISEA is an international non-profit organisation fostering interdisciplinary academic discourse on art, science and technology.<\/p>\n
1996<\/b><\/p>\n
Opening of the Ars Electronica Center \u2013 Museum of the Future, Linz, Austria<\/p>\n
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[vc_row equal_height=”” shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″][vc_column][vc_column_text]The Events Timeline highlights key exhibitions, festivals and historical moments that have shaped the development of digital art and computer art since the 1960s. From the earliest computer graphics exhibitions in 1965 to major media art festivals, museum shows and recent developments such as the rise of NFTs, these events trace how…<\/p>\n